Simple Past Vs. Present Perfect

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The differences between the Present
Perfect Tense and the Simple Past Tense.

Simple past (S+V2…)	Present perfect (S+has/have+V3…)
irregular verbs: see 2nd column of irregular verbs في حالة الافعال غير المنتظمة Example: I spoke	irregular verbs: form of 'have' + 3rd column of irregular verbs في حالة الافعال غير المنتظمة Example: I / you / we / they have spoken he / she / it has spoken
regular verbs: infinitive + ed في حالة الافعال المنتظمة Example: I worked	regular verbs: form of 'have' + infinitive + ed في حالة الافعال المنتظمة Example: I / you / we / they have worked he / she / it has worked
Exceptions استثناءات
Exceptions when adding 'ed': when the final letter is e, only add d Example: love - loved after a short, stressed vowel, the final consonant is doubled Example: admit - admitted final l is always doubled in British English (not in American English) Example: travel - travelled after a consonant, final y becomes i (but: not after a vowel) Example: worry - worried but: play - played

Signal Words الكلمات
الدالة على الماضي البسيط والمضارع التام

Simple Past		Present Perfect Simple
yesterday ... ago in 1990 the other day last ...		just already up to now until now / till now ever (not) yet so far lately / recently

	The present perfect is used when the time period has NOT finished: يستخدم عندما تكون الفترة الزمنية غير منتهية بعد.		I have seen three movies this week. (This week has not finished yet.)
	The simple past is used when the time period HAS finished: عندما تكون الفترة الزمنية قد انتهت (شيء حدث و انتهى)		I saw three movies last week. (Last week is finished.)
	The present perfect is often used when giving recent news: عند الحديث عن اخبارمعلومات حديثة.		Rashid has crashed his car again. (This is new information.)
	The simple past is used when giving older information: عند الحديث عن معلومات قديمة.		Martin crashed his car last year. (This is old information.)
	The present perfect is used when the time is not specific: عندما يكون الزمن غير محدد.		I have seen that movie already. (We don't know when.)
	The simple past is used when the time is clear: عندما يكون الزمن محدد وواضح.		I saw that movie on Thursday. (We know exactly when.)
	The present perfect is used when talking about frequency or how often till now للحديث عن التكرار او عدد المرات.		Have you ever been to Canada? / I have been to Canada twice.
	The simple past is used to talk about a certain event in the past حدث محدد في الماضي		He went to Canada last summer.
	The present perfect is used with for and since, when the actions have not finished yet: عند استخدام for و since وعدم انتهاء الحدث.		I have lived in Dubai for five years. (I still live in Dubai.)
	The simple past is used with for and since, when the actions have already finished: عند استخدام for و since و انتهاء الحدث.		I lived in Dubai for five years. (I don't live in Dubai now.)

» PRESENT CONTINUOUS (BE + -ING) vs PRESENT SIMPLE
» الماضي التام The Past Perfect
» زمن الماضي البسيط The Past simple